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#Drake equation calculator how to

Accordingly, if civilizations characteristically destroy themselves within a decade of achieving radio astronomy, which is taken as a marker of an advanced civilization, then N = l, and there are no other intelligent life forms in the Galaxy with whom terrestrial researchers can communicate.

Widely quoted but at best vaguely known values for these factors are: R * = 10/yr, f p = 0.5, n e = 2, f l = 1, f i f c = 0.01, and thus N = L/10. These numbers are poorly known, and the uncertainty increases progressively with each factor on the right-hand side of the equation. The factor R * is the mean rate of star formation in the Galaxy f p the fraction of stars with planetary systems n e the number of planets in such systems that are ecologically suitable for the origin of life f l the fraction of such planets on which life in fact develops f i the fraction of such planets on which life evolves to an intelligent form f c the fraction of such worlds in which the intelligent life form invents high technology capable at least of interstellar radio communication and L, the average lifetime of such advanced civilizations.

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#Drake equation calculator how to

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